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全面透析中考新题型 网罗各大考点直击重心


    教师介绍:沈寅智,上海新东方中心中小学全科个性化辅导名师,主讲中高考英语阅读、写作。英语专业八级,并获得上海市高级口译资格证书,有出国考试雅思课程的授课经验。深谙中高考阅读写作命题规律和做题技巧,所辅导学生阅读、写作成绩飞速提高。上课内容丰富有趣,旁征博引,思路清晰,破题精妙,技巧性强,效率很高,深受学生喜爱。对自主招生考试和大学预科课程等难度较高的英语考试和课程深有研究。
    阅读表达题历来是上海中考中一种很特殊的分值较高的,很容易因为学员粗心而失分的题型,最近上海考试委员会也有趋势要将该题型编写入2010高考试题中。
    今年高考一模考试前各大中学已经在陆续地做一件事情,将新的阅读回答问题题型编入到平时测验和月考的试题当中。但目前各个中学还是按照自己的标准进行出题,比如笔者有看到某中学在出该题型的时候,用上海04年高考试题的A篇记叙文的文章后面的选择题进行一定的修改,然后作为回答问题的题目形式进行出题。从整体看,这样出题相对比较简单。当然在上海2010高考英语考纲尚未出来之前,各大学校自行出题是非常好的预测形式。笔者总结了山东卷和全国卷的一些特点,山东省作为这种新题型创新者之一,的确为此种题型提供了极为宝贵的资料。同时笔者也结合了一些其他考试比如上海本帮考试——高级口译中一些阅读表达题的题型,对该种题型可能考到的内容进行一个很全面的综合整理,供广大准备一模考、自主招生考试和半年后的高考的高三考生作为参考和学习之用。
    以下通过山东2009年的高考阅读表达题的真题给大家具体分析不同题型和考点。
    「1」Hello. It’s one of the first words we learn as babies, yet it’s one of the last ones we think to use as adults. That’s unfortunate, because saying hello is more than just saying hello- it is recognition of another’s worth. How might the world change – how might we change- if we mastered this word? To find out, I spent one month saying hello to every person I met. Here’s what I’ve learned.
    「2」It can boost (促进) productivity. In one of the few studies ever done on this subject, Allan All day, an assistant professor of special education at Oklahoma State University, had middle school teachers greet their students individually each morning. This exchange of greetings raised the kids’ productivity. School went from impersonal to personal, and that resulted in more class participation and better grades.
    「3」 Environments influence friendliness. One study found that people in the city were kiss likely to one hands with a stranger than those in the countryside. And, researchers say, pleasant environments generally encourage more smiles and hellos than unpleasant one. My experience was similar. Whatever the reason, my urban hellos were answered far less often than my rural one. Similarly, people in vacation spots, like the Jersey Shore, were far friendlier than those hurrying to work downtown.
    「4」It’s a form of universal health insurance. It’s impossible to say hello without smiling. And smiling has been shown to lower blood pressure, relieve stress and boost happiness. Apparently, a smile creates a similar effect in the recipient (接受者)。
    「5」So maybe we can make the world a better place by ____________. After a month of doing it, I feel lighter and more connected and I have a better sense of well-being.
    76. What does the author say about the adults according to Paragraph 1? (within 8 words)
    _____________________________________________________________________
    77. Which sentence in the text is the closest in meaning to the following one?
    Teachers and students got friendlier so that the students became more active in learning and scored higher in tests.
    ___________________________________________________________________
    78. Fill in the blank in Paragraph 5 with proper words.(within 5 words)
    79. List three effects of smiling on health according to the text. (within 8 words)
    ① ② ③
    80. Translate the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 Chinese
    按照难度系数1-5级,笔者分别就不同题型进行一定地分析和打分。
    像76题这样的题型属于典型的半开放型主旨概括题,难度系数为4级。和选择题不同的是,阅读表达题的主旨概括题需要学生自己通过段落和文章自己去总结出一句话或者一个标题,往往这种题型有一定的字数限制。山东卷这种题型出题很难,因为给的字数很少,仅有8个字,8个字是指1-8个字之间,需要考生自己进行适当地提炼和缩减,对上海卷的出题是个很大的启示。当然难度系数4不表明它很难驾驭,因为往往越是有开放度,说明考生在答题过程中越可以自由地按照一个点发挥和驾驭,只要不打偏球,该题型很能拿分。
    77题这样的题型属于同义句的替换,难度系数较大,为5级。这种题型要求考生找到一个与给出的题目相近意思文中的句子,而给出的句子往往是长难句,意思理解就很难,何况去找同义句。这种题目出题也很具有迷惑性,因为在文章中,很有可能会出现多处和给出句相近的词汇和短句,这样很有可能造成考生在多个句子中徘徊不定,很难做出正确的选择。
    78题属于填空题,难度系数不大,为1-2级。这种题型考察一个方向的内容,就是句子和句子之间的逻辑关系,当然不是每次考试都只会让考生填一个逻辑连接词的。往往出题者会让考生写出一句和文章内容有关系的话,通过上下文的连接达到通畅的目的。只要能看懂上下文这种题型应该不是很大问题。
    79题属于封闭式细节题,答案固定唯一,难度系数2-3级。像范文仲虽然给出了字数限制,但是其实只要找到答案,答案就很好填。当然09年山东通过列举的方式考察学生,也是比较创新的该种题型的出题方式。该题型只要能找寻到答案,就很容易解题。
    80题属于英翻中,难度系数4-5级。像上海高考历年来给的是中翻英考题,而且难度比较适中,因为给出了若干个关键词。但是对于英翻中来说,难度往往比中翻英大,因为考生很有可能在原句中碰到一些英文词卡住。在不能查词典的情况下,考生要学会去猜测这些单词的意思。有时候也会碰到一些复杂结构,比如像09年山东考题80题中一个比较级结构比较难以把握。
    通过上述几种山东省考题题型的列举和研究,考生应该能把握住该种题目不同题型的大致考察方向和考察规律。希望能对广大考生在准备这种考题时有所帮助。笔者也希望广大考生能在一模考试发挥出较高的水平! (责任编辑:admin)