2015中考学科备考复习策略：英语习惯用语
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中考英语常见习惯用语：知识概要——由于英语国家的语言习惯与中国的语言习惯有许多不同之处，所以造成了许多同学在做选择或书写，或与人交谈中造成误用中国方式来对英语的问句作解答。例如一个小女孩十分好看，可爱，外国人见到时会讲： You are so beautiful 这时的答语应该是 Thank you 如果外国人发现你的英语不错，他们会讲： Your English is very good 这时中国人常常会说：不，我说的不好。这纯是一种礼貌的答语，但是不符合英语习惯。它正确的答语应是 Thank you 虽然交际英语有一些规律可讲，但更重要的是学习外国的生活习惯，了解他们的文化背景，历史渊源，这样才能真正的学好一门外语。 正误辨析 [误] - What can I do for you? - Yes, please help me [正] - What can I do for you? - I‘d like to buy a sweater [析] What can I do for you? 这一问语实际上用于的情景很多，要根据具体情况而定。如在商店中售货员讲这句话应译为：您想要点什么？在其他场合也可以被译为：我能为您做些什么？它的答语应是直接讲出想让对方提供的帮助。 [误] - Which colour do you like? - Sorry, I don’t like [正] - Which colour do you like? - I prefer blue [析] 由 which 来提问的问句是要回答具体的选择，而不能泛指，泛泛的回答。如 Yes, I like it [误] Do you like to come with us tonight? [正] Would you like to come with us tonight? [析] Do you like … 问的是对方的习惯，如： Do you like swimming? Do you like collecting stamps? 而 would you like … 则是一次性的邀请、提议。邀请的英语表达法还有如下几种： Shall we go? 我们走吧！ Let‘s go? 让我们走吧！ How about having a cup of tea? 喝杯茶如何？ What about a cup of coffee喝杯咖啡如何？ Why not buy it? 为什么不买呢？ 其肯定答语一般为Certainly, Yes, O.K. All right, With pleasure [误] - What‘s the problem? - I’ve got a headache [正] What‘s wrong with you? I’ve got a headache [析] What‘s wrong with you? 是询问对方身体状态如何，而 What’s the problem?是问对方遇到了什么麻烦。 [误] - Now, I‘m back Can I play? - Perhaps You’d better do your homework first [正] - Now, I‘m back Can I play? - I’m afraid not You‘d better do your homework first [析] Perhaps 是表示对一种拿不准的事态的推论，如： Am I right? Perhaps而 I’m afraid not 则表达一种不同意的态度。 be afraid 的几种用法有： I‘m afraid that you are right 其后直接加宾语从句。 - Will you come to my birthday party? - I’m afraid not I have to go to see my father He is in hospital 其后+not,表示否定。 - Sorry, I don‘t want to go there alone, I’m afraid of the dog 其后+名词，表示对某人，某物的害怕。 Mary is afraid of making mistakes in the exam 其后+ of + 动名词，表示害怕做某事。 Mary is afraid to see the teacher because she didn‘t do well in the exam 其后+ 不定式，表示不敢去做某事。 [误] - How soon will you be ready? - Two days [正] - How soon will you be ready? - In two days [析] 此题关键是要根据情景，身临其境，要注意的是对方问了什么，就应答什么。或答了什么就应问什么。 How soon 问的是“还有多久才能作完”，这时要用 in two days, 即在两小时之内即可以作完。如用 How long 提问，则答语可以用 two days。 [误] - Would you mind if I have some time off? - I don’t mind - Monday and Tuesday of next week [正] - Would you mind if I have some time off? - When exactly - Monday and Tuesday of next week [析] 有的对话是复杂的，稍有不慎就有可能选错，而且英语中如选错了答案是不容易找出错来的。 I don‘t mind 是可以用来回答 Would you mind…这一提问的，但如仔细看一看则会发现我们要选用的不是陈述句而是疑问句。根据下面一句的答语来判定要用 when exactly? 什么时间，这样才能与下句中具体的时间相符合。 (责任编辑：admin) |
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