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Type1引述他人观点(为提出自己观点铺垫) [1] It is widely(commonly) accepted(hold)+THAT [2] A widely accepted(commonly) hold idea(point of view，viewpoint， opinion，assumption)is +THAT/NP [3] A/The dominant(prevalent， prevailing)idea(see [2])is NP/to DO [4] It is taken for granted+THAT(or：We often/frequently take it for granted THAT) [5] People(The majority) seem to get accustomed to the idea(see [2])，without questioning，THAT [6] People are willing to regard NP1 as NP2/ADJ [7] People are willing to DO，while reluctant to DO Type2提出异议 [1] However (But)，… [2] Such idea(see[1-2])，if not entirely ADJ1，is somewhat ADJ2 and needs careful consideration. ADJI=unreasonable，unacceptable， inappropriate，improper，undesirable， etc; ADJ2=misleading，doubtrul， etc [3] In fact(As a matter of fact)，…(follow[2]) [4] However， it is not (quite， necessarily)the case. [5] This (It) is not (quite， necessarily) the case and needs to bo fruther considered/discussed.(or：further consideration/discussion) Type3论述的展开：说明原因和理由，层进，举例，转折 [1] The reason lies in several aspects， [2] The reason why+clause+[1， underlined] [3] There are several remarkable reasons. [4] 层进in addition， besides， fruthermore， what‘s more， on the other hand， meanwhile， for one thing…for another; finally， above all， in short. [5] 举例for example， for instance， such (general term) as (specific terms)，a typical (striking) example is that， a case in point [6] 转折however， but， nevertheless，on the contrary [7] 条件if ， provided that， unless， as long as，etc Type4 就…而言;关于 [1] as far as …is/are concemed： As far as current situation is concerned [2] as t the problem as to NP有关…的问题 Type5问题 [1] Although much effort has been made， the situation is far from satisfactory (or： the problem remains unsolved， little improvement has been achieved) [2] There is a tendency， as recent study (investigation) has pointed out (shown， revealed， indicated)，+THAT [3] There is growing concern about +NP [4] It will inevitably (is likely to )result in (lead to ) unwanted (serious) consequence (or NP) [5] Unfortunately，… [6] We will not be able to afford the risk of overlooking the seriousness of the matter. [7] The process， once initiated， is most likely irreversible. [8] We are constantly (frequently) faced with NP TYPE6重要与必要;(应)注意与重视 [1] NP1 is of great importance (necessity， value) in NP2 (or： NP is of enormous significance) [2] The importance (necessity) of NP (to do sth.) lies in (the fact) that… [3] NP1 plays， as is known， an irreplaceably important role in NP2 [4] The irreplaceably important role NP1 plays in NP2 is significant (obvous) [5] NP1 is an indispensable part of NP2 [6] It is important (necessary) to DO (or：THAT) [7] Special attention should be pay to …(or： We should pay special attention to…) [8] What we should take into consideration is +NP Type7行动 [1](immediate， emergent， effective) Measures are being taken (has been taken， should be taken) to DO [3] We have made much effort， there is still more we need to make (cf. We have learnt a lot， there is much more we need to lea123) Type8二择其一 [1] If it were left for me to decide whether (wh-clause)，I would， without hesitation， choose+to DO (or： I would prefer the former/the latter) [2] To DO/NP is a matter of prerence. [3] It is difficult to make a choice for one can hardly gain most without losing any. [4] The difficulty lies in the fact that the advantages and disadvantages of both cases are equally obvious. [5] In fact， we may well preserve a delicate balance or compromise between the two than go to extreme. [6] It is not sensible to exclude one of the choices completely [7] (of two conflicting ideas， concepts) Though conflicting to one another， they are so closely associated that understanding one will be impossible without discussing the other. [8] The benefits of NP are varied… [9]While disadvantages are unavoidable， it is the advantages that prevail. (责任编辑：admin) |