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1)表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果.常与already, just, ever, never, before等词连用. 如: She has never read this novel. 2)表示 "过去的动作"一直延续到现在并有可能继续延续下去. 常与for (后跟段时间)或since (后跟点时间)等连用.如: I have been a member of the Party for 10 years. I have been a member of the Party since 10 years ago. 注：在有for 和since 引导时间状语的句子中不能用短暂性动词，应用与之相应的表示状态的词。如： He has died for 3 years.(F) He has been dead for 3 years.(T) 注：①现在完成时不能和表示明确的过去时间连用。如：in 1998, last morning等 ②have/has been to 表示"去过"（去了又回来了） have/has gone to 表示"去过"（去了没回来了） 如：Where has she gone?(句中所指的人不在) Where has she been?(句中作指的人在) (责任编辑：admin) |