6. 现在完成时与一般过去时的区别 1) 现在完成时强调对现在的影响和结果,与现在有联系; 而一般过去时强调这个动作发生的时间是在过去,不涉及对现在的影响。如: I have seen this film. (我已经看过了这部电影) I saw this film yesterday. (我是昨天看的这部电影) 2) 现在完成时常与模糊的时间状语连用(如for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till/until, up to now, always等),或者干脆没有时间状语; 而一般过去时常与具体的时间状语连用(如yesterday, last night, …ago, in 1980, in February等)。 3) 现在完成时表示持续时一般使用延续性动词(如live, teach, work, know等); 而一般过去时常使用瞬间动词(如begin, buy, die, marry等)。如: He has lived in Hangzhou since last spring. My grandfather bought the car five years ago. 7. 易错点辨析 1) 考生容易把一些瞬间动词用现在完成时表达,这是错误的。如: (×) He has died for two years. 他死了两年了。 (√) He has been dead for two years. (√) He died two years ago. (×) The film has begun for 10 minutes. 电影开演十分钟了。 (√) The film has been on for 10 minutes. (√) The film began 10 minutes ago. (×) She has married for three years. 她结婚有三年了。 (√) She has been married for three years. (√) She married Mike three years ago. 2) 考生不懂如何区分have been to和have gone to,尽管两者均可后接地点,但have been to表示去过某地(现在已经回来了),have gone to表示到某地去了(现在还没回来)。如: She has been to Paris (three times). She has gone to Paris. (责任编辑:admin) |