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仁爱版| 初一下册英语重点知识点梳理(3)

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    3    基数词变序数词的规律:
    基变序,有规律;一、二、三,特殊记;
    从四起,th; 八去t来九去e;  ve要用f替。
    整十该y为ie,后面再跟th;
    几十几和几百几,只变个位就可以。
    4   介词in,on, at 在时间前面的应用
    1)在上下午、傍晚用in  in the morning  in the afternoon  in the evening
    2)在季节、年、月前用in, inspring/summer/fall/winter   in 2002, inJuly, in February, 2001
    3)在具体的某一天及某一天的上下午、晚上用on    on Saturday, on Wednesday evening.
    on the morning of June 1st,    on January 2nd, 2014
    4) 在中午、夜间、时刻前用at。at night,  at noon , atseven o’clock, at half past seven
    5  表示确切“几百”时,hundred后面不加“s”,但表示不确定数目的“数以百计”时,hundred后面应加“s”,用“hundreds of”表示。
    three hundred students三百名学生     hundreds of students几百名学生
    6    英语中表达物体的长、宽、高,先说数字,再说单位,最后加上一个表示长、宽、高的形容词。“.”读做“point”。
    6.4米长  six point four meters long
    7    What do we use it for?我们用它来做什么?
    use sth. to do sth.用某物做某事. = use sth. for doing sth.
    8    buy sb. sth. = buy sth. for sb.买某物给某人
    9    what’s the shape of your present ?= Whatshape is your present?
    10   What’s it like ?=What does it look like?
    11    It’s like a star.= It looks like a star.
    12   I get it. 我明白了。
    13   You are right. 你说的对。
    重点语法讲解     be动词的一般过去时
    1. be动词的一般过去时,表示过去存在的状态。
    My brother was at school yesterday.
    2. be动词的过去式为was/were,其否定式为was not/wasn’t和were not/weren’t.
    3. 一般疑问句以及简略回答:
    —Were you born inJuly,1999?
    —Yes, I was./No,I wasn’t.
    8
    Unit 7 Topic 2
    重点词组及短语
    at Kangkang’s birthday party  在康康的生日聚会
    dance to disco 跳迪斯科
    play the guitar  弹吉他
    play the piano 弹钢琴
    perform ballet   表演芭蕾
    sing Englishsongs 唱英文歌
    read English books   读英文书
    make model plane  做飞机模型
    take photos     照相
    draw pictures  画画
    so many    如此多
    in the past 过去
    at the age of   在...岁
    with one’s help 在...帮助下
    not…any more    不再
    重点句型
    1  I’m sure we’ll have a good time at the party.我确定我们在集会上玩得高兴。
    2  You are so smart! 你真聪明!
    3  I’d like to take these flowersto the party.我想把这些花带到集会上。
    4  What else can you do ? 你能做别的什么?
    5  Happy birthday to you!
    6  There was something wrong withher eyes. 他的眼睛有了毛病。
    7  Life was hard for her. 生活对他来说很艰难。
    重点讲解
    1巧辩异同 take与bring  take (从说话人处带到别处)带去,带走
    bring (由别处带到说话人处)带来
    2 一段时间+ago是表示过去的时间状语。
    two years ago , three months ago
    3    be good at doing sth. = do well in doingsth.擅长做某事,在……方面做得好。
    4    with one’s help = with the help of… 在……的帮助下
    5    It’s time for….到…时间了.相当于It’s time to do sth.
    6    both, all 的用法
    both两者都,all三者以上都
    7  There was something wrong with her eyes. 这个句型主语是something 谓语动词用is/was. 在否定句和疑问句中用anything。eg.   Is there anything wrong with the boy ?   There wasn’t anything wrong with hercomputer.
    8  With one’s help = with the help of 在……的帮助下
    重点语法及选择疑问句
    一、情态动词掌握情态动词can/can’t, could/couldn’t的用法
    1. I ______ swim at the age often, but now I ____swim very well.
    2. ____ you play the guitar ? No, I _______.
    3. What else _____ you do ? I_____ also perform ballet.
    4. _____ he draw pictures when hewas five years old ? No, he _______.
    5. One year ago, he _____ do it atall.
    二、选择疑问句
    选择疑问句是两个一般疑问句连成的句子,用or连接,相同的部分略
    9
    Unit 7 Topic 3
    重点句型
    —Did you sing a song at the party?
    —Yes, I did/No, I didn’t.
    I missed the chairand fell down.
    How could you lie tome?
    Kangkang made asilent wish and them he blew the candles out in one breath.
    重点短语
    play the piano    弹钢琴
    play the guitar  弹吉他
    play erhu    拉二胡
    peform magictricks 变魔术
    enjoy oneself     玩的开心
    perform Chinese Kungfu 表演中国功夫
    dance to disco    跳迪斯科
    play a game  玩游戏
    fall down   摔倒
    miss the chair 错过椅子
    hurt oneself     受伤
    at once  立刻
    last night     昨晚
    get home  到家
    next time    下次
    have a birthday party  举行生日聚会
    make a card    制作卡片
    by hand 用手
    make a wish    许愿
    blow out  吹灭
    重点讲解
    1 Did Kangkang enjoy himself?康康玩得开心吗?
    Enjoy是及物动词,后接名词,代词或是动名词,意为“喜爱,欣赏,享受……的乐趣。”
    enjoy oneself = have a good/great time玩得愉快  enjoy doning sth. 喜欢做某事
    巧辩异同 like, love与enjoy
    (1)like喜欢(程度较弱)like doing/to do
    (2)love热爱(程度较强)love doing/to do
    (3)enjoy喜爱,欣赏,享受……的乐趣enjoy doing
    2    It’s your turn.该你了。
    turn 是名词,意思是“轮流”,It’s one’s turn to do sth.轮到某人做某事。还可以做连系动词,意为“变成……”,后接形容词做表语。
    3    反身代词oneself变化如下:
    ①第一二人称用形容词性物主代词+self(selves)
    I→myself you→yourself(yourselves)
    ②第三人称用人称代词宾格+self(selves)
    he→himself they→themselves
    4    What happened to Michael at the party?聚会上迈克发生什么事情了?
    happen to sb. 某人发生某事,to是介词 happen to do…碰巧干某事,to是不定式符号
    5    What’s the matter ? 怎么啦?相当于What’s wrong ?
    6    This way, please . 请往这边走。
    7    We bought many presents for him.我们给他买了许多礼物。
    英语中有部分动词可以做双宾语,当我们把表示人的宾语(间接宾语)放在前,物的宾语(直接宾语)放在后时,不需加介词。如give me some flowers/ get him somepaper/ buy us some food/ pass her a pencil 。如果把表示物的宾语(直接宾语)放在前、人的宾语(间接宾语)宾语放在后时,在人的宾语(间接宾语)前要加一个介词to或for。什么时候加to?什么时候加for? 这一问题一直困扰大家,下面我们通过一个顺口溜来记住。
    和for连用的动词有:cook,get/fetch/buy/draw/sing/play/make/do
    8  Don’t be so late next time. 下次别到得这么晚。这是祈使否定句,祈使句的否定句在动词原形前加don’t.
    Don’t open your books. Please don’t make a noise.
    重点语法讲解     一般过去式
    一、一般过去式表示:
    (1)过去存在的状态。My father was at work yesterday afternoon.
    (2)过去某个时间发生的动作。I got up at 6:30 yesterday.
    (3)过去经常或反复发生的动作。
    He always went to work by bus lastyear.
    常用的时间状语:two days/months/years ago, last year, in those days, just now, in 2002等。
    二、动词过去式的构成:
    1. 规则动词①在动词后面直接加“ed”。play-played ②动词以“e”结尾加“d”。move-moved ③动词以辅音字母加y结尾改y为i加ed. study-studied ④动词为重读闭音节,双写词尾的辅音字母加ed.  plan-planned stop-stopped
    2. 不规则动词 am/is-was  are-were  do-did (详情见书后不规则动词表)
    三、行为动词一般过去时态陈述句变否定句和一般疑问句:
    肯定句:I bought some books yesterday. 否定句:I didn’t buy any books yesterday.
    一般疑问句:Did you buy any books yesterday?
    Unit5—Unit7中出现的冠词用法
    1.弹乐器前要带定冠词the,而进行球类运动,刚不带the。play the guitar/piano   play soccer/basketball
    2.序数词,前面要用定冠词the。on the second floor3.三餐前面不用冠词。 have breakfast/lunch/supper
    介词的用法1. 在几点常用介词at, 在星期几常用on。在早上、下午、晚上常用in. 在具体某是前,用介词on;在月份或年份前用介词in,在具体到某一天的早上/下午/晚上,也用onat seven o’clock; on Sunday; in  the morning.
    2.在哪一层楼用介词on.
    10
    Unit 8 Topic 1
    重点句型
    What’s the weather like in summer ? It’s hot.
    How is the weather today ?  It’s foggy.
    It’s a good season for flyingkites.
    It’s a good time to climb hills.
    Which season do you like best,spring, summer, autumn or winter ?
    I like … best.  It’s hard to say.
    How are things going ? Things aregoing very well.
    What’s the temperature ? It’sBetween -8°C and -2°C .
    You’d better know about the weatherin different places in August.
    重点词组及短语
    go back home    回家
    right away  立刻
    have a short rest   短暂休息
    later on 后来
    take a walk   散步
    be kind to   对...友好
    come back to life    苏醒;恢复健康
    get fine 被罚款
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