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直接引语变为间接引语时，人称代词要根据转述人的立场作相应变动。人称代词的变动情况要根据语境及转述人的不同作相应变化，一般情况下，与汉语中的变化相同。可记住一个口诀：“一主、二宾、三不变”。即第一人称按照主句中的主语变化，第二人称按照主句中的宾语变化，第三人称一般不需要变化。 1当直接引语是陈述句时 直接引语是陈述句时，间接引语用that引导，但在口语中that可以省去。从句中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语和地点状语等要作相应的变化。例如： She said to me, “I came back an hour ago.” →She said to/told me that she had come back an hour before. 2当直接引语是一般疑问句、选择疑问句、反意疑问句时 1、原句若为一般疑问句时，用whether或if 转述;原句若为选择疑问句时，用whether…or…/…or not;原句若为反意疑问句，则常用whether或if 转述。 2、疑问句语序变为陈述句语序。 3、主句中的谓语动词为said时，要改为asked;没有间接宾语时，可以加一个间接宾语(如me，him等)。 4、句末用句号。 5、从句中的人称、动词时态和状语等也要作相应的变化。 He said, “Are you interested in English?” →He asked (me) if /whether I was interested in English. I asked him, “Will you stay at home or go to a film tonight?” →I asked him whether he would stay at home or go to a film that night. “You’ve already got well, haven’t you?” she asked. →She asked (me) whether/if I had already got well. 3当直接引语是特殊疑问句时 如果直接引语是特殊疑问句，改为间接引语时，仍用原句中的wh-类的词引导，其余的变化同直接引语为一般疑问句的情况2—5条一样。例如： “What is your name?” he asked me. →He asked me what my name was. He asked: “Where are you to get off, Peter?” →He asked Peter where he was to get off. 如果在直接引语的特殊疑问句中，疑问词作主语或主语的修饰语，则语序不需要变化。例如： “Whose picture is the most beautiful in your class?” asked the boy’s father. →The boy’s father asked him whose picture was the most beautiful in his class. 4当直接引语是祈使句时 直接引语为祈使句，变为间接引语可用如下的结构“主语+asked/advised sb. (not) to do sth.”。 1、需将原祈使句中谓语动词变成不定式。如果祈使句为否定句，则用不定式的否定形式，即在不定式前加not。 2、原主句谓语动词said须改为asked，told，ordered，warned或advised等含有祈使意义的能带宾补的及物动词。 3、原句有“please”时，主句谓语多用asked(请求)，并去掉please。例如： He said to me, “Shut the window, please.” →He asked me to shut the window. He said, “Don’t make so much noise.” →He told us not to make so much noise. 如果以let开头的祈使句表示劝告或建议，可用“suggest + that从句”或“suggest doing”来转述。例如： “Let’s go to the cinema.” Tom said. →Tom suggested that they (should) go to the cinema. →Tom suggested going to the cinema. 5直接引语是感叹句时 直接引语是感叹句变间接引语时仍可用what或how引导，词序不变，也可用that引导，将句子变成相应的名词性从句。例如： She said, “What a lovely day it is!” →She said what a lovely day it was. →She said that it was a lovely day. (责任编辑：admin) |