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定义 表示人或事物的属性、特征或状态的词 a word that describes a person or thing. 1 . 结构特点 以 -able, -al , -ful , -ic , -ish, -less , -ous , -y等结尾的词，一般是形容词; 2 . 句法特点 大多数形容词都可以做定语，在be，look，seem等词后面作定语; 用法 1 . 用做定语 Lily is a beautiful girl. The new student comes from Japan. 2 . 用做表语 My car is is very expensive. The English story is very interesting. 3 . 用做宾语补足语 Don't keep the door open. His success made him happy. We finally found the dictionary very useful. 4 . "the + 形容词" 表示一类人或事物，相当于名词，用做主语或宾语 The old often think of old things. The new always take the places of the old. 5 . 也可以用做状语 Please speak loud and clear. These soldiers spent three days in the cold weather, cold and hungry. 6. 少数形容词只能做表语，不能做定语 常见的有：ill , asleep, awake , alone , alive , well , worth , glad , unable , afraid 等; Don't be afraid. The old man was ill yesterday. This place is worth visiting. 7 . 少数形容词只能作定语，不能作表语 包含little, live , elder, eldest My elder brother is a doctor. This is a little house. Do you want live fish or dead one ? 形容词的位置 冠词(a，an，the，my，three，指示代词)不属于形容词，但要在作定语的形容词前面 描绘性的形容词 表示形状(大小，长短，高矮)的形容词 表示年龄或新旧的形容词 表示颜色的形容词 表示出处、来源 表示材料、物质的形容词 表示用途的形容词 比较级和最高级 1、单音节形容词的比较级和最高级是在词尾加-er ，-est构成 great, greater , greatest 2、 以-e 结尾的单音节形容词的比较级和最高级是在词尾加 -r ，-st构成 wide , wider , widest 3、少数以 -y，-er，-ow，-ble结尾的双音节形容词的比较级和最高级是在词尾加 -er ，-est构成 clever , cleverer , cleverest 4、以 -y结尾，但 -y前是辅音字母的形容词的比较级和最高级是把 -y 去除，加上 -ier ， -est构成 happy , happier , happiest 5、以一个辅音字母结尾 其前面的元音字母发短元音的形容词的比较级和最高级是双写该辅音字母，然后再加-er ，-est big , bigger , biggest 6、某些双音节和多音节形容词的比较级和最高级需用more , most加在前面来构成 careful , more careful , most careful beautiful , more beautiful , most beautiful difficult , more difficult , most difficult 7 、常用不规则变化形容词的比较级和最高级
形容词、副词比较级的重难点 1 、 “as + adj ./ adv . + as ”或 "not so (as) + adj. / adv. + as "句型。用来描述两个比较对象在程度上的相似或不同之处。 The building is as high as that tower. My computer is not so expensive as yours. 2、“as many / few + 可数名词复数 + as ”或者 “as much / little + 不可数名词 + as”句型。前者描述数目上的接近;后者描述量的接近。 You may borrow as many as you can. "Drink as much water as you can",the doctor said to him. 3、“主语 + 比较级 + than any other + 可数名词单数” 或 “主语 + 比较级 + than the other 可数名词复数” ，表示主语描述的事物比其他(任何一个)都 ...，用比较级形式表示最高级含义。 Shanghai is larger than any other city in China. Li Ming is much cleverer than any other student in their class. 4、诸如not , never 之类的否定词与 形容词或副词的比较级连用，表示最高级含义，意思是：“再没有比....更...” It is not a better idea. I have never heard such an interesting story. 5、“no + 比较级 + than .. ”结构表示对两个比较对象都进行否定(可以用neither ... nor... 来改写) This computer is no better than yours. I'm no more foolish than you. (Neither I nor you are foolish.) 6、“not more + 比较级 + than ...” 表示在程度上前者不如后者 This book is not more interesting than that one. The girl is not more selfish than her mother. 7、“比较级 + than + 形容词”，表示 “与其 ... 倒不如... ” He was much luckier than clever. 与其说他聪明，倒不如说他运气好。 Jack is much harder than clever. 8、"would rather ... than " " prefer ... to ..." , "prefer to do ... rather than .." 这三种句型表示“宁愿 ... 而不...” "喜欢....胜过...." "宁愿做...而不愿做..."， 虽然无比较级形式，但都表示比较级含义。 She would rather die than give in. 她宁死不屈。 I prefer playing basketball to going to the cinema. 我宁愿打篮球也不去看电影。 He prefer to go out rather than stay home. 他宁愿出去，也不想呆在家里。 9、“the + 比较级 ... ，the + 比较级 ...”，表示 越 ... , 越 ... The harder you work at English , the greater progress you will make. 在英语学习上，你越用功，取得的进步越大。 The more difficult the questions are, the less likely he is able to answer them. 问题越难，他回答出来的可能性就越小。 (责任编辑：admin) |