|
★记忆法二：不规则动词相对于规则动词来说，难记得多，是最难对付的一类词。学生难学，老师难教。幸好它们不是杂乱无章的，可根据其中的一些内部规律来记忆。下面给大家介绍一种归纳记忆法，以期大家在攻克这一难关时，能收到事半功倍的效果。 一、原形、过去式、过去分词相同： cost/cut/hit/hurt/let/put/read/shut (细心的你一定会发现，这些词中大多数是以字母t结尾的。) 二、原形、过去式相同，过去分词不同： beat/beat/beaten 三、原形、过去分词相同，过去式不同： come/came/comebecome/became/becomerun/ran/run (come，become，属不规则变化，但welcome属规则动词，其过去式、过去分词为：welcomed，welcomed) 四、过去式，过去分词相同： (1)去掉字母组合ee中的一个e meet/met/metfeed/fed/fed (2)去掉字母组合ee中的一个e,然后再在词尾加t feel/felt/feltsleep/slept/slept keep/kept/keptsweep/swept/swept (3)词尾为的ll去掉一个l加t spell/spelt/speltsmell/smelt/smeltspill/spilt/spilt (4)过去式和过去分词以aught或ought结尾 catch/caught/caughtteach/taught/taughtbring/brought/brought buy/bought/boughtthink/thought/thought (5)将stand改为stood stand/stood/stoodunderstand/understood/understood (6)将ay改为aid lay/laid/laidpay/paid/paidsay/said/said (7)将d改为t lend/lent/lentsend/sent/sent spend/spent/spentbuild/built/built (8)将i改为a,o,u等 sit/sat/satspit/spat/spat dig/dug/dugwin/won/won (9)将ell改为old tell/told/toldsell/sold/sold (10)词尾加t learn/learnt/learntmean/meant/meant dream/dreamt/dreamtspoil/spoilt/spoilt (11)有两种过去式和过去分词,一种是不规则的,一种是规则的： learn/learnt/learntlearn/learned/learned shine/shone/shoneshine/shined/shined hang/hung/hunghang/hanged/hanged smell/smelt/smeltsmell/smelled/smelled burn/burnt/burntburn/burned/burned light/lii/litlight/lighted/lighted (12)其它 have(has)/had/hadhear/heard/heard shoot/shot/shotlose/lost/lost hold/held/heldget/got/got(AmEgotten) find/found/foundmake/made/made leave/left/left 五、三者均不同： (1)过去式以ew结尾、过去分词以own结尾 blow/blew/blownfly/flew/flown grow/grew/grownknow/knew/known throw/threw/thrown 值得注意的是: show/showed/shown或showeddraw/drew/drawn (2)改i为a变成过去式、改i为u变成过去分词 begin/began/begundrink/drank/drunk ring/rang/rungsing/sang/sung swim/swam/swumsink/sank/sunk (3)改i为o变成过去式，过去分词以n结尾 drive/drove/drivenwrite/wrote/written rise/rose/risenride/rode/ridden (4)原形后加n变成过去分词 drive/drove/drivenrise/rose/riseneat/ate/eaten give/gave/givenfall/fell/fallen (5)过去式后加n变成过去分词 break/broke/brokenchoose/chose/chosen freeze/froze/frozenmistake/mistook/mistaken steal/stole/stolenspeak/spoke/spoken take/took/takenwake/woke/woken(或woke) (6)其它 be/was或were/beendo/did/doneforget/forgot/forgotten go/went/gonehide/hid/hiddensee/saw/seen wear/wore/worn 六、有两种过去式和过去分词，但词义相同。 wake/woke/woken(或woke)wake/waked/waked sink/sank/sunksink/sunk/sunken 七、动词因其过去式、过去分词有两种形式而产生不同词义： shine、hang的两种过去式和过去分词： shone/shone照耀shined/shined擦亮 hung/hung悬挂hanged/hanged绞死 八、两个既可以做过去式，又可以做动词原形的词 lie躺卧lay/lain/lying(现在分词) lay放，下蛋laid/laid/laying find找到、发现find/found/found found创建，成立found/founded/founded 九、根据动词之间的词义联系来记忆 (一)词义相对： (1)come/came/come来——go/went/gone去 (2)give/gave/given给——get/got/got(AmEgotten)获得 (3)sleep/slept/slept睡觉—wake/woke/woken(或woke) 或wake/waked/waked醒来 (4)rise/rose/risen上升、上涨、升起——fall/fell/fallen下降、落下、倒下 sink/sank/sunksink/sunk/sunken沉下,(使)下沉 (5)buy/bought/bought买——sell/sold/sold出售,卖 (6)take/took/taken带去——bring/brought/brought带来 (7)teach/taught/taught教——learn/learnt/learnt 或learn/learned/learned学习、学会 (8)lose/lost/lost丢失、失败——find/found/found找到 win/won/won赢得、(获)胜 (9)stand/stood/stood站、立——sit/sat/sat坐 (10)send/sent/sent送、寄、发送——get/got/got获得、收到 (二)词义相近： (1)beat/beat/beaten打,打败win/won/won赢得、获胜 (2)understand/understood/understood懂,了解 know/knew/known知道,了解,认识 (3)get/got/got(AmEgotten)变成、成为、变得 become/became/become变成,成为,变得 go/went/gone变成turn/turned/turned变成 (4)spend/spent/spent花费、度过 pay/paid/paid支付、交纳 cost/cost/cost花费、价值为 take/took/taken花费 (5)say/said/said说、讲 speak/spoke/spoken说、演讲 tell/told/told告诉、说、吩咐、断定 talk/talked/talked谈话,讲,谈论,议论 (责任编辑：admin) |