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4. start teaching 开始教学 5. go off 响铃 6. rush out the door 冲出房门 7. give sb a lift 捎某人一程 8. miss both events 错过两个事件 9. be about to do sth 正要做某事 10. stare in disbelief at 难以置信地盯着 11. raise above the burning building 从正在燃烧的楼上升起 12. jump out of bed 跳下床 13. collect the math homework 收数学作业 14. show up 赶到，出现 【重点句型】 1. By the time I got up， my brother had already gotten in the shower. 当我起床时，我哥哥已经进了浴室了。 2. By the time I got outside， the bus had already gone. 当我出来时，公汽已经走了。 3. When I got to school， I realized I had left my backpack at home. 当我到达学校时，我才意识到我把背包忘在家里了。 4. By the time I walked into class， the teacher had started teaching already. 当我走进教室时，老师已经开始讲课了。 5. By the time I arrived at the party， everyone else had already showed up. 当我到达晚会时， 其他的每个人都已经到了。 6. When he put the noodles into the bowl， he realized he had forgotten to add the green beans. 当他把面条放进碗里时，他意识到他忘了添加绿豆荚了。 7. Before she got a chance to say goodbye， he had gone into the building. 在她得到一个向他告别的机会之前，他已经进入楼房了。 【考点详解】 1. By the time I got outside， the bus had already left. 当我出来的时候，公共汽车已经走了。 by the time作连词引导时间状语从句，当从句用一般过去时，主句用过去完成时；当从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时或将来完成时。 如：By the time he was ten， Tom had built a chemistry lab himself. 等到了十岁的时候，汤姆自己建了一个化学实验室。 I’ll be in bed by the time you get home. 你到家时，我已经上床睡觉了。 2. When she got to school， she realized she had left her backpack at home. 当她到学校时，她意识到她把背包忘在家里了。 表示“把某物忘在某处”要用词组leave sth in/on/at... 如：I've left my umbrella at home. 我把伞忘在家里了。 I left my book on the desk. 我把书忘在桌子上。 forget意为“遗忘某物”，指忘记一件具体的东西，但不能有具体的地点。 如：I forgot my umbrella yesterday. 我昨天忘了带伞。 Don't forget the cases. 别忘了带箱子。 3. Last Friday night， my friend invited me to his birthday party. 上周五晚上，我朋友邀请我参加他的生日晚会。 invite sb. to a place（或一活动、聚会） 意为“邀请某人到某一地方或参加某一活动”；而invite sb to do sth. 意为“邀请某人做某事”。 如：I think we have many friends now， and we must invite them to our place. 我想我们现在有很多朋友了， 我们也应该邀请他们到我们家做客。 Kitty’s teacher Mr Wu invited me to join their school trip to the World Park. 基蒂的老师吴老师邀请我参加了去世界公园的学校郊游活动。 4. Wells made it sound so real that hundreds of people believed the story and fear spread across the whole country. 威尔斯讲述这个新闻起来如此的真实，以致成百上千的人都相信了这个故事，进而引发了全国性的恐慌。 so…that...在此引导结果状语从句，so后面应加一个形容词或副词，意为“如此……以至于……”。 如：This book is so interesting that everyone in our class wants to read it. 这本书是如此的有趣以至于全班同学都想看看。（so＋形容词） He ran so fast that I couldn't catch up with him. 他跑得那么快，以至于我跟不上他。（so＋副词） 【重点语法】 比较一般过去时和现在完成时的异同 1. 共同点：动作都是在过去完成。 I saw the film yesterday evening. I have seen the film before. （看电影这件事都是在过去完成的。） 2. 区别： ①现在完成时强调过去发生的动作对现在的影响和结果，而一般过去时与现在没有联系，只是说明某个动作发生的时间是在过去。 ②一般过去时通常与具体明确的过去时间状语连用。如yesterday， last week ， two years ago，just now，in 2002 等；而现在完成时则常与 just ，already ，ever ，never 等模糊的过去时间状语和 these days ，this week ，since...， for... 等表示一段时间的状语连用。 Unit13 We're trying to save the earth！ 【重点短语】 1. at the bottom of the river 在河床底部 2. be full of the rubbish 充满了垃圾 3. throw litter into the river 把垃圾扔入河中 4. play a part in cleaning it up 尽一份力把它清理干净 5. land pollution 土地污染 6. fill the air with black smoke 使空气中充满了黑烟 7. cut down air pollution 减少空气污染 8. make a difference 产生影响 9. take action 采取行动 10. turn off 关掉 11. pay for 付费 12. add up 累加 13. use public transportation 使用公共交通 14. recycle books and paper 回收书和废纸 15. use paper napkins 使用纸巾 16. turn off the shower 关掉喷头 17. ride in cars 开车出行 【重点句型】 1. Even the bottom of the river was full of rubbish. 甚至河底都充满垃圾。 2. Everyone in town should play a part in cleaning it up. 城里的每个人都应当尽一份力把它清理干净。 3. The air is badly polluted because there are too many cars on the road these days. 空气被严重污染因为如今路上的汽车太多了。 4. To cut down air pollution， we should take the bus or subway instead of driving. 为了减少空气污染，我们应当乘坐公汽或地铁而不是开车。 5. I used to be able to see stars in the sky. 我过去能在天空中看到星星。 6. The air has become really polluted around here. I’m getting very worried. 这儿的空气真的已经被污染了，我非常担心。 7. No scientific studies have shown that shark fins are good for health. 没有科学研究说明鱼鳍对人们的健康有好处。 【考点详解】 1. pay的基本用法 （1） pay （sb.） money for sth. 付钱（给某人）买…… 例：I have to pay them 20 pounds for this room each month. 我每个月要付20英磅的房租。 （2）pay for sth. 付……的钱。 例：I have to pay for the book lost. 我不得不赔丢失的书款。 （3）pay for sb. 替某人付钱。 例：Don't worry！ I'll pay for you. 别担心，我会给你付钱的。 （4）pay sb. 付钱给某人。 例：They pay us every month. 他们每月给我们报酬。 （5）pay money back 还钱。 例：May I borrow 12 yuan from you？ I'll pay it back next week. 你能借给我12块钱吗？下周还你。 （6）pay off one's money 还清钱。 2. This method is not only cruel， but also harmful to the environment. 这种方法不仅残酷，而且对环境有害。 （1）not only…but also…意为“不仅……而且……”用于连接两个表示并列关系的成分，着重强调后者，其中的also有时可以省略。 如：She not only plays well， but also writes music. 她不仅很会演奏，而且还会作曲。 He not only writes his own plays， he also acts in them. 他不仅是自编剧本， 还饰演其中的角色。 He works not only on weekdays but on Sundays as well. 他不仅平时工作，星期日也工作。 （2）若连接两个成分作主语，其谓语通常与靠近的主语保持一致。 如：Not only you but also he has to leave. 不只是你，他也得离开。 （3）若连接两个句子，not only后面的句子要用倒装。 如：Not only did he speak more correctly， but he spoke more easily. 他不仅说得更正确，而且讲得更不费劲了。 【重点语法】 动词不定式做目的状语时的用法 To cut down air pollution， we should take the bus or subway instead of driving. 为了减少空气污染，我们应当乘坐公汽或地铁而不是开车。 本句中To cut down air pollution是动词不定式作目的状语。 1. 不定式和不定式短语作目的状语 不定式和不定式短语作目的状语，主要用来修饰动词，表示某一动作或状态的目的。为了使目的意义更加清楚或表示强调意义时，还可以在前面加 in order to 或 so as to。 例如：I've written it down in order not to forget. He shouted and waved so as to be noticed. 在句子中作谓语动词的状语的不定式或不定式短语，表示的是主语的目的，因此，其逻辑主语通常是句子的主语。比较： To draw maps properly， you need a special pen.（正） To draw maps properly， a special pen is needed.（误） 由 in order to 引导的目的状语，既可以置于句尾，也可以置于句首，而由 so as to 引导的目的状语，只能置于句尾，而不能置于句首。比较： They started early in order to get there in time.（正） In order to get there in time， they started early.（正） They started early so as to get there in time.（正） So as to get there in time， they started early.（误） 2. 不定式的复合结构作目的状语 当不定式或不定式短语有自己的执行者时，要用不定式的复合结构（即在不定式或不定式短语之前加 for + 名词或宾格代词）作状语。例如： He opened the door for the children to come in. She fetched several bottles which she placed on the counter for Harry to inspect. 3. 目的状语从句与不定式的转换 英语中的目的状语从句，还可以变为不定式或不定式短语作状语，从而使句子在结构上得以简化。可分为两种情况： （1）当目的状语从句中的主语与主句中的主语相同时，可以直接简化为不定式或不定式短语作状语。例如： We'll start early in order that/so that we may arrive in time. We'll start early in order to/so as to arrive in time. （2）当目的状语从句中的主语与主句中的主语不相同时，要用动词不定式的复合结构作状语。例如： I came early in order that you might read my report before the meeting. I came early （in order） for you to read my report before the meeting. Unit14 I remember meeting ... Grade 7. 【重点短语】 1. win a prize 获奖 2. do a school survey 做一个学校调查 3. meet the standard of a strict teacher 满足一位要求严格的老师的要求 4. meet this group of friends 遇到这群朋友 5. score two goals in a row 连续踢进两个球 6. learn to play the keyboard 学会弹钢琴 7. be patient with sb 对……有耐心 8. work out the answer yourself 自己找出答案 9. guide sb to do sth 指导某人做某事 10. put in more effort 更加努力 11. look back at 回首 12. pride of overcoming fear 克服恐惧感的自豪 13. make a great big mess 弄得一团糟 14. keep my cool 保持我的清高 15. try to be on time for morning reading 尽力赶上早读 16. look forward to doing sth 期望做某事 17. join the school swim team 加入学校游泳队 18. get a business degree 取得一个商业学位 【重点句型】 1. ---What happened in Grade7 that was special？ 在七年级时发什么了什么特别的事？ ---Our team won the school basketball competition. 我们队赢了学校的蓝球比赛。 2. ---How have you changed since you started junior high school？ 你上中学后有什么变化？ ---I've become much better at speaking English. 我在说英语上比以前更好。 3. How do you think things will be different in senior high school？ 你认为在高中会有什么不同？ ---I think that I'll have to study much harder for exams. 我想我将更加为考试努力学习。 4. ---What are your plans for next year？ 你明年的计划是什么？ ---I'm going to join the school volleyball team. 我将加入学校排球队。 5. ---What do you remember about Grade 8. 关于八年级你记得什么？ ---I remember being a volunteer. 我记得当一名志愿者。 6. ---What do you use to do that you don't do now？ 你以前做而现在不做的事是什么？ ---I used to take dance lessons， but I don't anymore. 我以前上舞蹈课，但现在不上了。 7. ---What are you looking forward to？ 你期望做什么？ ---I'm looking forward to going to senior high school. 我期望上高中。 【考点详解】 1. She helped you to work out the answers yourself no matter how difficult they were. 她帮助你自己算出答案，无论它们有多难。 no matter常与疑问代词或疑问副词一起构成连词词组引导让步状语从句，意为“不管……，无论……”，在运用时应注意以下几点： （1）注意从句的时态 由no matter what/who/where/when引导的从句往往用一般现在时或一般过去时。如：No matter who you are， you must obey the rules. 无论你是谁，都应该遵守规则。 （2）注意被修饰的名词、形容词以及副词的位置 no matter what/whose/which修饰名词时，该名词必须紧跟其后；no matter how修饰形容词或副词时，该形容词或副词也必须紧跟其后。 如：No matter how hard he works， he find it difficult to make ends meet. 无论他多么努力工作，却总是入不敷出。 （3）注意“no matter+疑问词”结构与“疑问词+ever”在用法上的区别： ①“no matter+疑问词”结构只能引导让步状语从句，这时可以和“疑问词+ever”互换。 如：No matter where he may be （=Wherever he may be）， he will be happy. 他无论在什么地方都快乐。 ② 而“疑问词+ever”还可以引导名词性从句。 如：Give this book to whoever likes it. 谁喜欢这本书就给谁吧。（这里不能用no matter who） ③ whoever既可引导名词性从句，又有在从句中作主语、宾语、表语等；whomever也可引导名词性从句，但只能在从句中作宾语。 如：You may invite whomever you like. 2. caring adj. 体贴人的 如：I will miss the school trees and flowers and our kind and caring teachers. 我会怀念学校的树木花草以及我们善良，体贴的老师。 3. go ahead， 注意以下用法： （1）表示同意或允许，意为“说吧”、“做吧” A：May I start？ 我可以开始了吗？ B：Yes， go ahead. 好，开始吧。 （2）表示继续做某事，意为“继续…吧” Go ahead. We are all listening. 继续讲吧，我们都在听呢！ 4. As you set out on your new journey， you shouldn't forget where you came from. 当你出发踏上你的新的旅程时，不要望了你来自哪里。 set out 意为“出发；开始；陈述”。 例句：The professor sets out his ideas clearly in his article. 在这篇文章中教授清楚地表明了自己的想法。 set的用法： （1）set about sth.／doing sth. 着手做某事 如：We set about our task at once with great enthusiasm. 我们以极大的热情立即着手这项任务。 （2）set aside 放在一边，搁置；存蓄，留下 如：My parents set aside a bit of money every month. 我的父母每个月都存点钱。 （3）set off 动身，出发；燃放（鞭炮等），使……爆炸或发出响声 如：After we had finished eating， he proposed to set off immediately. 我们吃完饭后，他建议立即动身。 （4）set out 动身，出发；set out to do sth. 打算或着手做某事。 如：They set out as the sun was rising. 太阳升起时，他们就出发了。 （5）set up 竖起来，支起来；建立，成立。 如：The school has set up a special class to help slow students. 学校成立了一个特殊的班级，帮助那些后进生。 (责任编辑：admin) |