voice 作“声音”解时,多指人发出的声音,包括说话声、歌声和笑声。如:He shouted at the top of voice. 他高声呼喊。有时也用于引申意义,作“意见、发言权”解。如:I have no voice in the matter. 对于这件事,我没有发言权。 16. arrive, get, reach 三者均可表示“到达”,arrive后通常接介词at(一般用于较小的地方)或 in(一般用于较大的地方)?如:We arrived at the station five minutes late. 我们晚了5分钟到车站?又如:They will arrive in Paris next Monday. 他们将于下周星期一到达巴黎? get之后通常接介词to。如:When we got to the park, it began to rain. 我们到达公园时,就开始下雨了。 reach是及物动词(较 get更正式),其后可直接跟地点名词做宾语(不能用介词)。如:He reached Beijing yesterday. 他昨天到达北京。 三.情态动词 1.考查情态动词表示“推测”的用法 [考点快忆] 表示肯定推测的情态动词有:must“一定;准是”,may“也许;可能”,might“或许”;表示否定推测的情态动词有:can't“不可能”, couldn't“不会”,may not“也许不”,might not“或许不”;can表示推测时不用于肯定句,may表示推测时不用于疑问句。 2.考查情态动词引起的一般疑问句的答语 [考点快忆] 回答must时,肯定答语用must,否定答语用needn't或don't have to。回答need时,肯定答语用must,否定答语用needn't。回答may时,肯定答语用may,否定答语用mustn't 或can't。 3.考查情态动词的意义 [考点快忆] must “必须”;have to“不得不”;need “必须;需要”;can(could)“能;可能”;may (might) “可以;可能”;shall,will (would)“将;会;愿意;要”;should“应当”。 “had better (not) + 动词原形”表示建议;have to / has to / had to的否定,疑问形式要借助于助动词do / does / did。 四. There be 的句子结构 There be是一个“存在”句型,表示“有”的意思, 肯定句的形式为:There be + 名词(单数或复数)+地点状语或时间状语。 be动词单复数的确定,看be后边第一个名词,当所接主语为单数或不可数名词时,be动词形式为is;当所接主语为复数名词时,be动词为are;当be动词后接两个以上主语时,be动词与最临近主语保持数上的一致。意思为“某地有某人或某物”。如: There is an eraser and two pens>There are two pens and an eraser (1)there be的否定句,即在be的后面加上not。 否定形式为:There be + not + (any) + 名词+地点状语。 There is not any cat in the room. 房间里没猫。 There aren't any books (2)there be句型的疑问句就是将be提到句首:Be there + (any) +名词+地点状语 肯定回答:Yes, there is / are. 否定回答:No, there isn't / aren't. -Is there a dog in the picture?画上有一只狗吗 -Yes, there is. 有。 -Are there any boats in the river?河里有船吗 -No, there aren't. 没有。 (3)特殊疑问句:How many . . . are there (+地点状语) 某地有多少人或物回答用There be . . . 有时直接就用数字来回答。One. / Two . . . -How many students are there in the classroom?教室里有多少学生 (4)如果名词是不可数名词,用:How much + 不可数名词 + is there + 地点状语 How much water is there in the cup?杯中有多少水 五. 中考对定语从句的考查: 1.定语从句的功用和结构 在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。被定从句修饰的词叫做先行词。定语从句必须放在先行词之后。引导定语从句的关联词有关系代词和关系副词。例如: This is the present that he gave me for my birthday 2.关系代词和关系副词的功用 关系代词和关系副词用来引导定于从句,在先行词和定语从句之间起纽带作用,使二者联系起来。关系代词和关系副词又在定语从句中充当一个成分。关系待客做主语,宾语,定语,关系副词可作状语。 <1>. 作主语:关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句的谓语动词的人称和数须和先行词一致。例如: I don’t like people who talk much but do little. The cars which are produced in Hubei Province sell very well. <2>. 作宾语:She is the person that I met at the school gate yesterday. The book that my grandmother gave me is called “The Great Escape”. <3>. 作定语 关系代词whose在定语从句中作定语用。例如: What’s the name of the young man whose sister is a doctor? The girl whose father is a teacher studies very hard. <4>. 作状语 I’ll never forget the day when I first came to Beijing. 三. 各个关系代词和关系副词的具体用法 1. who 指人,在定语从句中作主语。例如: The person who broke the window must pay for it. The boy who is wearing the black jacket is very clever. 2. whom指人,在定语从句中作宾语。例如: Do you know the young man (whom) we met at the gate? Mr Lee (whom) you want to see has come. (责任编辑:admin) |