【起止标识】标记非谓语动词短语时,一定是从动词不定式(to do)、动名词(doing)或分词(现在分词doing或过去分词done)开头,到以下四种情况终止。 ① 到句尾终止,如:Li Hui is a teacher (teaching English). ② 到句中的逗号终止,如:(To improve my English), I often listen to the English radio. ③ 到下一个修饰成分终止,如:Jack walked into the hall, (waving) to the audience. (to the audience是介词短语,属于另一修饰成分。) ④ 到下一个谓语动词终止,如:We, (singing a happy song), rode to school. 04 两短 1.形容词 【定义】形容词是指用来修饰名词的单词,往往带有-ous、-y、-ful、-able等后缀。 【常见位置】 ① 一般置于名词之前,如a beautiful park。 ② 修饰不定代词(something、anything、nothing、somebody、anybody、nobody)时置于不定代词之后,如"一些有趣的事"应译为something interesting。 2.副词 【定义】副词用来修饰形容词、动词等词,往往带有-ly等后缀。 【常见位置】 英语中,副词的用法比形容词灵活得多。 ① 可置于整句之前,如:Unfortunately, he failed to make it. ② 可置于整句之后,如:The teacher greets his students individually. ③ 可置于"助动词、系动词、情态动词之后,实义动词之前",如: The princess looks extremely beautiful today. He immediately saw the black cat. (实义动词之前) He has undoubtedly fallen in love with the princess. (助动词之后,实义动词之前) He can hardly speak anything. (情态动词之后,实义动词之前) ④ 可置于形容词或副词之前,如:There is an extremely beautiful garden in our campus. 从上面的分析可以看出,虽然英文中形容词和副词的在句中的位置和中文略有不同,但一般情况下,它们较短且易于辨识,对句意理解影响不大,因此在给修饰成分做标记时,形容词和副词可不标记。 05 平行并列结构 1.定义 并行并列结构是指由并列词将两个或两个以上含义相似、结构相同的并列项连接起来构成的结构。 (责任编辑:admin) |