Can you tell me where I can buy this book? → Can you tell me where to buy this book? 直击中考 6.【2017南昆明】—Could you please tell me ____ ? 一The people and the food. A.How does Tom like China B.if Tom likes China C.what does Tom like about China D.what Tom likes about China 答案见文末 语态 ① 英语有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者 ② 被动语态的构成 由“助动词 be+及物动词的过去分词”构成 助动词 be 有人称、数和时态的变化,其变化规则与 be 作为连系动词时完全一样。 ③ 被动语态的用法 当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者,或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者,或者只需强调动作的承受者时,用被动语态。 倒装句 由 so+助动词(be/do/will/have)情态动词+主语 意为:…也是一样 例如: She is a student.So am I. 她是一个学生,我也是。 She went to school just now.So did I. 她刚才去学校了,我也是 She has finished the work.So have I. 她已经完成了工作,我也完成了。 She will go to school.So will he. 她将去学校,他也是。 程度副词 程度副词: always 总是 usually 经常 sometimes 有时 never 从不 如: I am always/usually/sometimes/never late for school. 我总是经常/有时/从不上学迟到。 unit 4 I used to be afraid of the dark. used to 的用法 used to 是一个固定结构,意为“过去经常;以前常常”,其后接动词原形。它表示过去存在某种状态或者过去的某种经常性、习惯性的行为或者动作。 ★ 其用于肯定句的结构为:主语 + used to + 动词原形 + 其他。如: I used to play ping-pong with my brother. 过去我常常和我哥哥一起打乒乓球。 ★ 其用于否定句的结构为:主语 + didn't +use to+ 动词原形。如: You didn't use to like action movies. 你过去不喜欢动作片。 ★ 其用于一般疑问句的结构为:Did + 主 语 + use to+ 动词原形 + 其他? 如: Did your sister use to be shy? 你的妹妹过去害羞吗? 【辨析】 be used to (doing) sth 意为“习惯于(做)某 事”,to 后可接名词、代词或动名词。如: The students are used to the new teacher now. 学生们现在习惯这个新老师了。 They are used to raising their hands first when they want to ask questions. 他们习惯了问问题前先举手。 if 引导条件状语从句 ★ if 引导的非真实性条件状语从句即虚拟语气,通过动词形式的变化来表示说话人对发生的动作或存在的状态所持的态度或看法的动词形式称为语气,虚拟语气表示说话人所说的话不是事实,而是一种祝愿,建议或是与事实相反的假设等。 ★ if 引导的条件状语从句分为真实和非真实条件句,非真实条件句应用虚拟语气。如果要表示与现在或将来事实相反时,其虚拟语气结构为: 例如: If I had time,I would go for a walk. 如果我有时间,我就会去散步。(事实上我现在没有时间) If I were you,I would take an umbrella. 假如我是你的话,我会带上雨伞。(事实上我不是你) I would say no if someone asked me to be in a movie. 假如有人请我当电影演员,我会表示拒绝。(事实上没有人请我当电影演员) 直击中考 7.【2011陕西】If there ______ no buying and selling of animals,there ______ no killing in nature. A.is;will be B.will be;will be C.is;is D.will be;is 8.【2011 黑龙江绥化市】I'm waiting for my friend. ______ ,I'll go shopping alone. A.If she comes B.If she won't come C.If she doesn't come 答案见文末 few 与 little a few 与 a little 的区别,few 与 little 的区别: ★ a few 一些,修饰可数名词 a litle 一些,修饰不可数名词,两者表肯定意义。如: He has a few friends.他有一些朋友。 There is a little sugar in the botle.在瓶子里有一些糖。 ★ few 少数的,修饰可数名词 little少数的,修饰不可数名词,但两者表否定意义。如: He has few friends.他没有几个朋友。 直击中考 9.【2013江苏常州】He offered ______ valuable advice that ______ people disagreed. A.such;a few B.such;few C.so;a few D.so;few 10.【2013年青岛市】Dave has _______ friends here,so he often stays at home by himself and feels lonely. A.many B.a few C.few D.several 答案见文末 unit 5 What are the shirts made of? 一般现在式的被动语态 英语中有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。 ★ 一般现在时的被动语态表示现阶段经常性、习惯性的被动动作,由“主语 + am/is/are + 及物动词的过去分词(+by+ 动作执行者)”构成。例如: The yard is cleaned (by someone) every morning. 院子每天早上都有人打扫。 ★ 当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者,或不用指出动作的执行者,而需要强调动作的承受者时,就要用被动语态。例如: Mobile phones are mainly used to keep in touch with other people. 手机主要被用来和其他人保持联系。 ★ 一般现在时的被动语态的一般疑问句是将 be 提至句首;否定句是在 be 后加 not。例如: Is Chinese spoken by many people? 许多人说汉语吗? The little girl is not looked after by her mother. 这个小女孩不是由她的妈妈照顾。 ★ 主动句变被动句将主动句的宾语变为被动句的主语,将主动句的谓语变为被动结构(be+ 过去 分词),将主动句的主语放在介词 by 之后作宾语,若为主格应改为宾格。例如: He broke the cup. 他打破了杯子。 → The cup was broken by him. 杯子被他打破了。 直击中考 11.【2013广西南宁】Han Han's books are popular.They ______ by many teenagers. A.is read B.was read C.are read D.were read 12.【2013湖北宜昌】-At present,one of the best ways to study is working in groups. -More chances ______ to students to learn from each other. A.offer B.are offered C.have offered D.are offering 答案见文末 现在完成时 ★ 由 have/has+ 过去分词 ★ 表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果,常与 already,just,yet,ever,never 连用。如: I have already finished it. 我已经完成了。 Have you ever been to China? 你曾经去过中国吗? ★ ①表示过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态和表示过去某一时刻延续到现在(包括现在在内)的一段时间的状态连用。如:(for+ 时间段,since+ 时间点,或过去某一动作,以及 how long)。 ②注:非延续性动词在现在完成时态中不能和 for,since 引导的表示一段时间的状语的肯定句连用。应转为相应的延续性动词,如: buy----have die----be dead join----be in borrow-----keep leave----be away I have bought a pen.-----I have had a pen for 2 weeks. ★① have(has)been to+ 地点(去过某地已经回来) ②have(has)gone to+ 地点(去了基地没有回来) ③have been in+ 地点(一直呆在某地没有离开过) 如: She has been to Shanghai.她去过上海。(已经回来) She has gone to Shanghai.她去了上海。(没有回来) She has been in Shanghai for 2 days.她待上海两天了。(没有离开过上海) 直击中考 13.【2017福建】-Do you know the Color Run five-kilometer race? -Yes.So far it ______ into quite a few cities in our country. A.comes B.came C. has come 14.【2017河北】Wow!You ______dinner!Let's eat now. A.cook B.are cooking C.will cook D.have cooked 答案见文末 名词所有格 名词所有格的构成有两种形式: ★ 是在名词后面加 s 或是以 s 结尾的名词,只在名词的后面加',如: Ann's book 安的书,our teachers' office.我们老师们的办公室。 注:双方共有的所有格,只在后面一个名词加 's,如: Lily and Lucy's father.莉莉和露西的爸爸(她们的爸爸是同一个人)。 ★ 有 …of… 介词短语表示无生命东西的所有格,如: a picture of my famil.我家人的相片。 有时也有 s 表示无生命的东西的所有格,如: today's newspaper.今天的报纸。 the city's name.这座城市的名字。 unit 6 When was it invented? 一般过去式的被动语态 直击中考 15.【2013陕西】The mobile phone has influenced people's life a lot since it ______ . A.invents B.invented C.is invented D.was invented 16.【2013湖南益阳】The sports meeting _____ next month. A.will hold B.is going to hold C.will be held 答案见文末 unit 7 Teenagers should be allowedto choose their own clothes. 含情态动词的被动语态 直击中考 17.【2013湖南衡阳】Teenagers _______ allowed to drive. A.should not be B.should be not C.not should be 答案见文末 would 用法 ★ 想要做:would like to do. ★ 想要:would like sth. 常用的句型有: ① What would you like to do? 你想要做什么? I would like to visit GuiLin. 我想去参观桂林。 ② What would you like? 你想要什么? I would like some tea. 我想来些茶。 ③ Would you like to go to my party? 你来不来参加我的晚会?(表邀请) Yes,I'd love/like to./No,thanks. ④ Would you like some tea or coffee? 你是要点茶还是咖啡? Yes,I'd love/like.No.thanks. ⑤ Where would you like to visit/go? 你想去哪呢?风,毫无预兆地席卷整片旷野,撩动人的思绪万千。 unit 8 It must belong to Carla. 情态动词表推测 情态动词 must,may,might,could,may,can 表示推测含义与用法后面都接动词原形,都可以表示对现在情况的揣测和推断但他们含义有所不同。 ① must 一定,肯定(100%可能性) (责任编辑:admin) |