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现在完成时： 1.概念： 过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。 2.时间状语： recently, lately, since…for…,in the past few years, already ,yet ,never ,ever, just, before, so far ,once, twice etc. 3.基本结构： have/has + done 4.否定形式： have/has + not +done. 5.一般疑问句： 把have或has放于句首。 6.反义疑问句： 直接用has /have 进行反问 7.注意： 1).have been to /have gone to /have been in 的区别 have been to +地点 表示曾经去过某地，现人已返回。(once ,twice ….) have gone to +地点 表示人已去了某地，人还未返回。(where is sb ?) have been in +地点 表示在某地呆多长时间。(for…../ since …..) 2).与时间段连用时，短暂性动词应改为相应的延续性动词。 Come/go to ------ be at /in leave ----be away from buy ----have borrow /lend -----keep open ---be open close---be closed die---dead start/begin ----be on join—--be in /be a member of /be a soldier become –be make friend ---be friend get up ---be up fall asleep ---be asleep catch a cold – have a cold reach/get/arrive---stay/be 3).现在完成时的四种句型： A).主语+短暂性动词的过去式+ 时间+ago B).主语+have/has +延续性动词的过去分词+for…./since …. ago . C).It’s +时间段+since +短暂性动词的过去式 D).时间段+has passed +since +短暂性动词的过去式 His grandfather died two years ago . His grandfather has ____ ____ for two years. _____two years _____ his grandfather ____. Two years ____ ____ ____ his grandfather _____. 4).现在完成时与一般过去时的区别 现在完成时与现在有关的时态，他侧重于过去的动作对现在造成的影响。而一般过去时侧重于表示过去的动作与现在无关，若询问该动作发生的具体的时间时，只能用一般现在时。 Has he returned the library book ? Yes, he has. When ____ he _____(return) it ?He ____ (return)it yesterday afternoon . 新初三快扫码关注 中考网微信公众号 每日推送学习技巧，学科知识点  (责任编辑：admin) |