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过去完成时 过去完成时的含义 表示在过去某个时间或某个动作之前发生的动作，表示一个动作或状态在某一时间或动作之前已经完成，其动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”，它的参照物是一般过去时。 过去完成时的标志 (1)特定的时间状语 ①by+过去的时间点 He had finished reading the book by 10 o’clock yesterday. 到昨天10点前，他已经读完了这本书。 ②by the end of + 过去的时间点 We had learned a lot of English songs by the end of last term. 到上学期末我们已经学了很多英文歌曲。 ③由by the time, before, when等引导时间状语从句时，主从句的动作发生有先后，动作在前的用过去完成完成时。 By the time I went outside, they had already left. 当我出去时。他们已经离开了。 The train had already left when I got to the station. 我到达车站时火车已经离开了。 (2)具体的语境(看动作是否发生在“过去的过去”) ①主句为一般过去时，且宾语从句的动作先于主句的动作发生时，从句要用过去完成时。 She said that she had seen the film before. 她说她以前已经看过这部电影了。 ②上下文语境 I met Jim in the street yesterday. We hadn’t seen each other since he went to Beijing. 我昨天在街上碰见吉姆了。自从他去北京后，我们就再没见过面。 经典例题 例1. When she got to the station, the bus_______ the station for ten minutes. has left B. had left had been away from D. left 答案：C 例2. The meeting _______ by the time I got there yesterday. was on B. has been on had begun D. has begun 答案：C 例3. By the end of last month, I ________ all the CDs of Zhou Bichang. collect B. collected have collected D. had collected 答案：D (责任编辑：admin) |