中考网整理了关于2021年中考英语复习之主动语态变被动语态的易错点,希望对同学们有所帮助,仅供参考。 主动语态变被动语态的易错点 ■含有双宾语的主动句变被动句时,可分别将其中的一个宾语变为主语,另一个不动,但变间接宾语为主语的情况较多。 主动:Tom gave me a present on my birthday. 我生日那天汤姆送我一件礼物。 被动:I was given a present by Tom on my birthday. A present was given to me yesterday. 注意:如果把直接宾语(指物)改为主语,则在间接宾语(指人)前加适当的介词。 1. 在下列动词后,通常在间接宾语前用介词to:bring, give, hand, lend, offer, pass, sell, show, take,通tell等。 2. 在下列动词后,一般在间接宾语前用介词for:build, buy, cook, cut, choose, do, fetch, find, fix, get, keep, make, order, paint, play, sing等。 主动:Mother made me a new skirt. 母亲给我做了件衬衣。 被动:A new skirt was made for me. 3. 由于某些动词与介词有习惯搭配,既不用to也不用for, 而用别的介词。如: People all over the world know the Great Wall. 世界上的人都知道长城。 The Great Wall is known to people all over the world. (不用by短语) 4. 有时用间接宾语作主语讲不通或不习惯,必须用直接宾语作主语。如: Tom wrote me a letter. 误:I was written a letter by Tom. 正:A letter was written to me by Tom. 类似的动词还有:return, send, pass, hand, sell, teach等。 ■含复合宾语(宾语 宾补)的主动句改为被动句时,一般把主动句中的宾语改为主语,而宾语补足语保留在谓语动词后面成为主语补足语。如: We always keep the classroom clean. 我们总是保持教室清洁。 The classroom is always kept clean. 教室总是保持清洁的。 They asked me to help them. 他们叫我帮助他们。 I was asked to help them. 我被他们叫去帮忙了。 We saw them playing football. 我们看到他们在踢足球。 They were seen playing football. 他们被人看见在踢足球。 注意: 1. 在see, watch, hear, notice, listen to, look at, make, feel等动词后作宾语补足语的动词不定式都不带to,但改成被动语态后要加上to。 We often hear her sing. 我们经常听到她唱歌。 She is often heard to sing. 经常有人听到她唱歌。 2. 如果宾语补足语是名词,变被动句时,不要误把宾语补足语的名词作主语。如: We called him an ass. 我们叫他傻瓜。 误:As ass was called him. 正:He was called an ass. (责任编辑:admin) |