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a number of	“许多，大量”A number of studentsarein the classroom.
the number of	“……的数量”The number of our studentsis50.作主语，谓语用单数

some 和any

some	“一些”，可以修饰可数名词和不可数名词；	用于肯定句但说话人希望得到肯定回答或表达请求、建议时，some可以用在疑问句。你要喝咖啡吗？ Would you likesomecoffee?
any	“一些”，可以修饰可数名词和不可数名词；	用于否定句，疑问句There aren’t anystudents in the classroom. 如在肯定句，表示“任何”。

many和much

	“许多”	问数量	“太多”
可数	many Many books	how many How many books do you have?	too many too many books
不可数	much much water	how much 还可以问价格“多少钱” How much water do you have? How much is the book?	too much too much water

both 和all

both	“两者都”	Both of his parents joined the meeting. 他的父母都参加了会议。
all	三者及以上的全部	All the students are in the classroom. 所有学生都在教室。

few和little

	肯定意义“有一点儿”	否定意义“几乎没有”
可数	a few I have a few friends. 我有一些朋友。	Few I am new here.SoI have few friends. 我是新来的。所以我几乎没有朋友。
不可数	a little There is a littlemilk. 那儿还有一点儿牛奶。	little There is little milk.You need to buy some. 那儿几乎没有牛奶了。你需要买一些。

    1)We’d better wait _______ more minutes. I think Jeff will come soon.
    a fewB. few C. a little D. little
    2)Inourschool,______studentslikeEnglish,but______ofthemcanspeakEnglishsmoothly.
    alittle;afew B.afew;few C.afew,little D.alittle;few

because作连词，because +句子	He is absent today because he is ill.
because of为介词短语后接名词名词短语或代词	Because of the heavy rain, he missed the early bus

Neither… nor…即不…也不…(两者都不) Neither you nor he likes cats. 你和他都不喜欢猫。	遵循就近原则
Either… or…不是…就是…(两者中的一个) Either Lily or youarea student. 要么你要么莉莉是学生。
Not only …but (also)… 不仅……而且…… Not only he but also I am a student. 不仅他我也是一个学生。
both……and……两者都	Both he and Iarestudents.

be made of _______	“由……制成的”of简单，看得出原材料
be made from _______	“由……制成的”，看不出原材料
be made in _______	产自
be made by______	被谁制成的

how 的提问	回答
How long （多长时间）	for+时间段
How often (多久一次)	回答频率副词，often/ once/twice a week
How soon （多久之后）	in+时间段 in two hours
How far (多远)	回答路程：five minutes’ walk
How much多少（钱）	回答数量或价格
How many多少	回答数量

other each other彼此	___“其它的”，后接名词复数_______无范围限制________	Do you have any other question(s)? We need to help each other.
the other one ……the other …… 一个……另一个	____后接名词复数，特定范围里剩下的其它部分_____	He has two daughters. One is a nurse, the otheris a worker.
others some……others…… 一些……另一些	“其它的”，_后不可接名词，无范围限制_ __________________________	Someof us like singing and dancing, otherslike sports.
the others	后不可接名词，特定范围里剩下的其它部分	Two boys will go to the zoo, and the others will stay at home.
another 表示“又”“再”时 another five minutes= five more minutes	_三者及以上的另一个_，后接名词单数_	I don't like this one. Please show me another.

hundred

threestudents 三百个学生

hundreds （百）of	数以百计的
thousands （千）of	数以千计的
millions(百万） of	数以百万的
billions（十亿） of	数以十亿的

spend 过去式spent	花“时间/金钱”sb. spend money/time on sth./(in)doingsth.
I spend one hour (in)doing /on my homework.
pay 过去式 paid	花“金钱” sb. pay money for sth.
I paid five dollars for my new notebook.
take 过去式took	花“时间”It takes sb. time to do sth.
It took me one day to visit the science museum.
cost 过去式cost	花“金钱”sth. cost sb. money
This bike cost me two hundred.

so that 以便	that后接句子，表“目的”
I get up early this morningso thatI can catch the bus.
so……that……如此……以至于……	so后接形容词/副词
The movie issointerestingthatI want to watch it again.
such…… that ……如此……以至于……	such修饰名词
It’ssuchan interesting movie that I want to watch it again.
too……to do ……太……而不能……	too 后接形容词/副词
He istooyoungtolook after himself.
not ……enough to do……不足够去做某事	enough 用法口诀：enough放在名前形副后
He is not oldenoughto look after himself.

across介词，穿过,不能单独使用	从物体表面横穿，一般指穿过马路、街道	He walks across the road.
cross动词，穿过	从物体表面横穿，一般指穿过马路、街道	He crosses the road.
through介词，穿过	从内部穿过,穿过“森林、城市等”	He goes through the forest alone.

though [ðoʊ]	连词，虽然，即使
through [θruː]	介词，穿过
thought [θɔːt]	动词think的过去式

also	“也”	句中，be动词后，实义动词前
too		肯定句句末，前用逗号隔开
either		否定句句末，前用逗号隔开

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中考常考词汇短语辨析总结