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2022年中考英语知识点:巧记that 和which的用法异同

http://www.newdu.com 2021-09-15 中考网 佚名 参加讨论

    中考网整理了关于2022年中考英语知识点:巧记that 和which的用法异同,希望对同学们有所帮助,仅供参考。
    巧记that 和which的用法异同
    1. 相同点:这两个关系代词引导定语从句时,都可以指物,在句中都可以作主语或宾语,作宾语时可以省略。如:
    He told a story which/that moved us deeply. 他讲了一个使我们深受感动的故事。(作主语)
    The letter (that/which) I received yesterday was from a friend of mine.
    我昨天收到的那封信是我的朋友寄来的。(作宾语)
    2. 不同点:
    (1)下列情况用that而不用which:
    1当先行词是不定词(all,little, much, none, everything, something, anything, nothing 等)或被不定代词(all, every, some, any, no, little, much, few等)修饰时。如:
    All that can be done has been done. 凡是能的事情都已经做好了。
    Are there any questions that you can’t answer?  你有不会回答的问题吗?
    2当先行词前有修饰词only,just,last时。如:
    This is the only successful example that we know.  这是我们所知道的唯一一个成功的例子。
    The last place that we visited in the country was a farm.  我们在农村参观的最后一个地方时一家农场。
    3当先行词指 “物”并被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时。如:
    This is one of the most exciting match that I have ever seen.   这是我所看过的比赛中最激烈的一场。
    Mary was the first who/that arrived at the cinema.  玛丽是第一个到达电影院的。(先行词指人用who或that)
    4当先行词指人又指物时。如:
    He was talking about the people and the things that he remembered,  他谈起了他记得的人和事。
    The boy and dog that are in the picture are very lovely. 图画上的小孩和狗都很可爱。
    5先行词作表语时。如:
    China is not the country that she was. 中国已经不是过去的中国了。
    Our village is no longer the place that it used to be. 我们村不是从前的那个样子了。
    6 主句是以who,which开头的疑问句,为了避免重复用that。如:
    Who is the man that is standing at the school gate?   站在学校门口的那个人是谁?
    Which is the bus that was made in Shanghai?    哪辆车是上海制造的?
    7当先行词是数词时。如:
    Yesterday he caught three fish and put them in the pool. Now you can see the three that are still alive.
    昨天他逮了三条鱼,然后把它们放进了池子里,现在你能看见那三条还活着的鱼。
    (2)下列情况用which而不用that:
    1介词提到关系代词之前时。如:
    This is the house in which Tom once lived. 这是汤姆以前住过的房子。
    This is the train by which we went to Beijing. 这就是我们去北京乘坐的那列火车。
    2 先行词本身为that时,为避免重复用which。如:
    What’s that which flashed in the sky just now? 刚才在空中闪光的东西是什么啊?
    3在非限制性定语从句中(主句和从句用逗号隔开)。如:
    All the books here, which have beautiful pictures in them, were written by her.
    这里所有的书都是由她写的,书中有漂亮的插图。
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