中考网整理了关于2022年中考英语考点:被动语态复习要点,希望对同学们有所帮助,仅供参考。 被动语态复习要点 A.熟记结构 被动语态的结构为“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词(p.p)”。被动语态的不同时态是通过be的时态变化来表示的,其人称和数方面应与主语保持一致。其具体变化为: 一般现在时:am/is/are+p.p. 一般过去时:was/were+p.p. 一般将来时:shall /will be +p.p. 现在完成时:have /has been +p.p. 现在进行时:am/is/are+being+p.p. 过去将来时:should /would be +p.p. 含情态动词的被动结构:情态动词+be+p.p.例如: ① Chinese ______ by the largest number of people. A.speak B.is speaking C.speaks D.is spoken (② The boy ______ to get supper ready after school. A.were told B.is telling C.was told D.tells ③ A lot of new roads ______ built in the west of China. A.must B.must be C.has D.have B.明确用法 被动语态常用于以下两种情况: 1.不知道谁是动作的执行者,或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者; 2.强调动作的承受者。例如: 这棵树是那个男孩弄断的。 The tree ______ ______ by that boy. C.熟练转换 1.将主动语态变被动语态的基本方法为: ①将主动语态的宾语作被动语态的主语; ②谓语动词变为“be+及物动词的过去分词”,并通过be的变化来表达出不同的时态; ③主动语态的主语变为介词by的宾语,组成介词短语放在被动结构中的谓语动词之后。(有时by短语可以省略)。 2.被动语态的一般疑问句是将一个助动词置于主语之前;否定句是在第一个助动词后加not;特殊疑问句的语序为:疑问词+一般疑问句。例如: ① You must throw the broken pottery away at once. The broken pottery ______ ______ ______ ______ at once.(同义句) (② Where did they grow vegetables?(改为被动语态) Where ______ vegetables ______ ? D.注意特例 将主动语态变被动语态应注意几个特殊情况: 1.含双宾语的主动结构变为被动结构时,有两种方法: ①将间接宾语变为主语,直接宾语保持不变; ②将直接宾语变为主语,间接宾语用介词to或for引导。例如: ① He told us a story.(变被动语态) →We were told a story(by him).或:A story was told to us by him. ② Her mother gave her a new pen.(变被动语态) A new pen ______ ______ ______ her by her mother. 2.短语动词的被动语态:在变为被动语态时,要将短语动词视为一个整体,其后的介词或副词不能省去。例如: ① This dictionary mustn t ______ from the library. A.take away B.taken away C.are taken away D.be taken away ② She will take good care of the children.(变被动语态) The children will ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ (by her). (责任编辑:admin) |