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①基本结构： 肯定句式：be +done (及物动词的过去分词) 如果是不及物动词 + 相应的介词或副词 否定句式：be +not +done 疑问句式：be动词(情态动词)放句首 被动语态中的be为助动词，无意义。be可能是am , is , are也可能是was ,were或原形be。 注：☆被动语态的时态是由be的时态决定的，be是什么时态，全句就是什么时态，be后面的过去分词不变。 Eg： 1.The song is liked by young people. (肯定句) 2.The song isn’t liked by young people.(否定句) 3. Is the song liked by young people ?(一般疑问句) 4.Who is the song liked by ?=By whom is the song liked?(特殊疑问句) ②各种时态的构成(动词以do为例)： →一般现在时 动词的被动形式：am/is /are done 例句：He is asked to do this. →一般过去时 动词的被动形式：was/were done 例句：The story was told by her mother. →一般将来时 动词的被动形式：will /shall be done Is/are going to 例句：The problem will be discussed tomorrow. →过去将来时 动词的被动形式：should/would be done Was/were are going to 例句：He said the trees would be planted soon. →现在进行时 动词的被动形式：am/is/are being done 例句：The novel is being written. →过去进行时 动词的被动形式：was/were being done 例句：At that time the desk was being made. →现在完成时 动词的被动形式：has/have been done 例句：The house has been built. →过去完成时 动词的被动形式：had been done 例句：They said that their work had been finished. 含有情态动词的被动语态:情态动词+be+ done Your homework must be handed in today. 其它几种特殊句型： It is said that …….. It is well known that ……. It is reported that…… 例： ①History is made by the people. (一般现在时) ②The cars were made in Tianjin in 1995. (一般过去时) ③The tree will be cut down next year.(一般将来时) ④The room must be kept clean.(含有情态动词的被动语态) ⑤The door is being opened.(现在进行时) ⑥The film has been seen by me.(现在完成时) 注：☆不同时态的被动语态的差异主要体现在助动词be的变化上,同时助动词be还要在人称和数上与主语保持一致。 ③应用情况 行为的执行者不明确或不必说出来。 Eg: A stranger was killed last night. 用于强调动作的承受者而不是执行者。 Eg: The story is told everywhere in the city. (责任编辑：admin) |